Intro
In part two of the final TCG Continuous Benchmarking report, the same procedures introduced in part one are used for inspecting the performance of QEMU system mode emulation. The only difference is instead of emulating the same OS for all targets, different images where selected from this Qemu-devel thread and the official QEMU documentation.
For each of the five targets used in this report (arm, hppa, m68k, mipsel, and sh4), the source of the used emulation instructions is mentioned. This is followed by a snippet for fetching the required files and starting the system emulation.
The results of running the time command are then displayed for measuring the boot-up time until the login screen is reached where the emulation is stopped. The top 25 executed QEMU functions are also measured using the topN_system.py script introduced in part one of the report.
List of Targets
ARM
Source: https://www.mail-archive.com/qemu-devel@nongnu.org/msg604838.html
Emulation Setup:
# Download spi.bin
wget https://github.com/Subbaraya-Sundeep/qemu-test-binaries/raw/master/spi.bin
# Download u-boot.bin
wget https://github.com/Subbaraya-Sundeep/qemu-test-binaries/raw/master/u-boot.bin
# Start system emulation
<qemu-system-build>/arm-softmmu/qemu-system-arm -M emcraft-sf2 -serial mon:stdio \
-kernel u-boot.bin -drive file=spi.bin,if=mtd,format=raw
Emulation Demo:
Boot-up Time:
real 0m8.853s
user 0m7.543s
sys 0m0.156s
Top 25 Functions:
Number of instructions: 72,939,727,121
No. Percentage Name
---- ---------- ------------------------------
1 7.57% access_with_adjusted_size
2 6.79% address_space_translate_internal
3 4.46% flatview_do_translate
4 4.12% memory_region_dispatch_read
5 4.09% flatview_access_valid
6 3.78% memory_region_read_with_attrs_accessor
7 3.56% flatview_read_continue
8 3.09% full_le_ldul_mmu
9 2.90% object_class_dynamic_cast_assert
10 2.84% iotlb_to_section
11 2.63% memory_region_access_valid
12 2.50% io_readx
13 2.06% flatview_translate
14 2.04% systick_read
15 2.01% tlb_set_page_with_attrs
16 2.01% object_dynamic_cast_assert
17 1.72% get_phys_addr
18 1.62% fifo8_pop
19 1.62% flatview_read
20 1.42% subpage_read
21 1.22% fifo8_push
22 1.10% victim_tlb_hit
23 1.10% adjust_endianness.isra.15
24 1.00% cpu_exec
25 0.91% memory_region_read_accessor
HPPA
Source: https://www.mail-archive.com/qemu-devel@nongnu.org/msg604710.html
Emulation Setup:
# Download the image file
wget http://backup.parisc-linux.org/debian-cd/debian-8.0/hppa/debian-8.0-hppa-CD-1.iso
# Start system emulation
<qemu-system-build>/hppa-softmmu/qemu-system-hppa -nographic -m 256M -cdrom debian-8.0-hppa-CD-1.iso -boot d
Emulation Demo:
Boot-up Time:
real 0m26.902s
user 0m27.643s
sys 0m0.205s
Top 25 Functions:
Number of instructions: 148,143,319,523
No. Percentage Name
---- ---------- ------------------------------
1 25.62% helper_lookup_tb_ptr
2 18.57% tlb_flush_by_mmuidx_async_work
3 7.55% hppa_get_physical_address
4 4.03% tb_htable_lookup
5 2.14% tlb_set_page_with_attrs
6 1.68% get_page_addr_code_hostp
7 1.61% qht_lookup_custom
8 1.19% object_class_dynamic_cast_assert
9 1.14% liveness_pass_1
10 1.07% qemu_ram_block_from_host
11 1.02% helper_itlba
12 0.94% cpu_exec
13 0.82% tcg_gen_code
14 0.72% victim_tlb_hit
15 0.55% tb_lookup_cmp
16 0.54% helper_itlbp
17 0.53% artist_rop8
18 0.53% qemu_ram_addr_from_host
19 0.51% block_move
20 0.51% tcg_optimize
21 0.45% ptlb_work
22 0.43% find_next_bit
23 0.42% address_space_translate_for_iotlb
24 0.38% address_space_translate_internal
25 0.35% access_with_adjusted_size
M68k
Source: https://www.mail-archive.com/qemu-devel@nongnu.org/msg605814.html
Emulation Setup:
# Download the image file
wget https://web.archive.org/web/20180303021225/http://www.uclinux.org/ports/coldfire/image-an5206-small-20000706.bin.gz
# Extract the archive content
gunzip image-an5206-small-20000706.bin.gz
# Start system emulation
<qemu-system-build>/m68k-softmmu/qemu-system-m68k -M an5206 -kernel image-an5206-small-20000706.bin -nographic
Emulation Demo:
Boot-up Time:
real 0m0.643s
user 0m0.607s
sys 0m0.029s
Top 25 Functions:
Number of instructions: 18,848,179,906
No. Percentage Name
---- ---------- ------------------------------
1 21.53% cpu_exec
2 14.52% helper_lookup_tb_ptr
3 8.26% object_class_dynamic_cast_assert
4 4.04% cpu_m68k_get_ccr
5 4.04% cpu_m68k_set_sr
6 3.57% m68k_switch_sp
7 0.67% object_get_class
8 0.62% helper_get_ccr
9 0.53% helper_set_sr
10 0.16% tcg_gen_code
11 0.13% liveness_pass_1
12 0.11% tcg_out_opc.isra.13
13 0.09% page_trylock_add
14 0.09% page_collection_lock
15 0.09% tcg_optimize
16 0.05% notdirty_write.isra.15
17 0.04% tcg_op_alloc
18 0.04% tb_page_addr_cmp
19 0.03% tcg_opt_gen_mov
20 0.03% tcg_reg_alloc
21 0.03% find_next_bit
22 0.03% init_ts_info
23 0.02% tcg_out_modrm_sib_offset
24 0.02% tb_gen_code
25 0.02% bitmap_set_atomic
MIPSel
Source: https://www.qemu.org/docs/master/system/target-mips.html
Emulation Setup:
# Download and extract the kernel file
wget https://mipsdistros.mips.com/LinuxDistro/nanomips/kernels/v4.15.18-432-gb2eb9a8b07a1-20180627102142/generic_nano32r6el_page16k.xz
unxz generic_nano32r6el_page16k.xz
# Download and extract the disk image file
wget https://mipsdistros.mips.com/LinuxDistro/nanomips/buildroot/nanomips32r6_le_sf_2017.05-03-59-gf5595d6.ext4.xz
unxz nanomips32r6_le_sf_2017.05-03-59-gf5595d6.ext4.xz
# Start system emulation
<qemu-system-build>/mipsel-softmmu/qemu-system-mipsel -cpu I7200 -kernel generic_nano32r6el_page16k \
-M malta -serial stdio -m 1024 -hda nanomips32r6_le_sf_2017.05-03-59-gf5595d6.ext4 \
-append "mem=256m@0x0 rw console=ttyS0 vga=cirrus vesa=0x111 root=/dev/sda"
Emulation Demo:
Boot-up Time:
real 0m3.931s
user 0m3.183s
sys 0m0.131s
Top 25 Functions:
Number of instructions: 33,844,336,116
No. Percentage Name
---- ---------- ------------------------------
1 5.86% address_space_translate_internal
2 5.39% access_with_adjusted_size
3 5.08% liveness_pass_1
4 4.59% flatview_do_translate
5 3.52% flatview_access_valid
6 2.24% memory_region_dispatch_write
7 1.89% flatview_read_continue
8 1.84% object_class_dynamic_cast_assert
9 1.78% memory_region_access_valid
10 1.74% flatview_translate
11 1.72% iotlb_to_section
12 1.61% tcg_gen_code
13 1.56% io_writex
14 1.53% helper_ret_stb_mmu
15 1.49% io_readx
16 1.40% cmos_ioport_read
17 1.31% memory_region_dispatch_read
18 1.29% helper_lookup_tb_ptr
19 1.29% flatview_write_continue
20 1.22% memory_region_read_with_attrs_accessor
21 0.97% memory_region_write_accessor
22 0.96% full_ldub_mmu
23 0.92% memory_region_write_with_attrs_accessor
24 0.90% memory_region_read_accessor
25 0.89% helper_rotx
SH4
Source: https://www.mail-archive.com/qemu-devel@nongnu.org/msg604838.html
Emulation Setup:
# Download the kernel file
wget https://people.debian.org/~aurel32/qemu/sh4/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-sh7751r
# Download the initial ramdisk file
wget https://people.debian.org/~aurel32/qemu/sh4/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-sh7751r
# Download the disk image file
wget https://people.debian.org/~aurel32/qemu/sh4/debian_sid_sh4_standard.qcow2
# Start system emulation
<qemu-system-build>/sh4-softmmu/qemu-system-sh4 -M r2d -kernel vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-sh7751r \
-initrd initrd.img-2.6.32-5-sh7751r -hda debian_sid_sh4_standard.qcow2 \
-append "root=/dev/sda1 console=tty0 noiotrap"
Emulation Demo:
Boot-up Time:
real 0m33.843s
user 0m20.976s
sys 0m3.179s
Top 25 Functions:
Number of instructions: 114,925,910,876
No. Percentage Name
---- ---------- ------------------------------
1 9.34% find_tlb_entry
2 4.97% helper_lookup_tb_ptr
3 3.66% liveness_pass_1
4 3.07% tb_jmp_cache_clear_page
5 2.85% tb_htable_lookup
6 2.37% page_collection_lock
7 2.23% tlb_set_page_with_attrs
8 1.90% tlb_flush_page_by_mmuidx_async_0
9 1.82% page_trylock_add
10 1.71% object_class_dynamic_cast_assert
11 1.62% tcg_gen_code
12 1.58% get_page_addr_code_hostp
13 1.56% address_space_translate_internal
14 1.52% access_with_adjusted_size
15 1.46% cpu_exec
16 1.19% qht_lookup_custom
17 0.91% tcg_optimize
18 0.90% victim_tlb_hit
19 0.86% flatview_access_valid
20 0.83% tb_page_addr_cmp
21 0.82% flatview_do_translate
22 0.72% get_physical_address.isra.4
23 0.68% tcg_out_opc.isra.13
24 0.66% io_readx
25 0.66% iotlb_to_section